Since 2015 I've been teaching myself all things audio by watching thousands of hours of YouTube tutorials. I've recording hundreds of hours of test recordings using different microphone setups and configurations while doing a number of mock podcasts with friends and working on YouTube videos here and there. I've always been focused on audio and my sound quality for even little things like online voice chats as well as online streaming. My goal is to start a home studio where I can help record bands by going to them to record then going home to doing the post production along with doing sound for local short film producers and all things multimedia.
By adding power sources in series the voltage potential increases. Similar to an analog mixing console it adds the voltages of the channels.
I did not know that amps are the measurement of electric charge.Â
Its a good chart to remember.
Challenge: 7=0.015*R : R=7/0.015 : R= 466.66
I've never used ohm's law before all the components I've used have all had the same voltage so I've never needed resistors.
What?
I watched the pre class video's and screen shot parts I found interesting. I did some research on balanced vs unbalanced cables. In class I searched online for equipment hire so I could create a signal flow diagram of a budget AV pa system.
So What?
I learnt about ohm's law and how to use its formula for different situations. Ive never needed resistors before in any of my projects in the past and I learnt why and how to use them, more importantly how to calculate what one I would need. I learn that the difference between bal and unbalanced cables is bigger than I thought. I knew about the + and - signals but never knew you could use one signal and neutral wire to have the same out come using a different method. Initially I wasn't fond of the learning journal layout for this class but I have gotten used to it.
Now What?
Finish project 1 and prepare for project 2.
Resistor: Resistors are used to reduce current flow in a circuit.Â
LED: A Light Emitting Diode limits current to one direction while producing light.
Potentiometer: Potentiometer is an adjustable resistor controlled by the position of the shaft.
4. Transformer: A transformer has two or more different coil windings and allows you to step up or down in current using the number or windings and the gage of the wire, It also allows you to transfer current from one circuit to another.
5. Capacitor: A Capacitor stores electrical energy and can be used to even out a signal like a dampening effect.
For this project we were tasked with creating a cable from scratch using a piece of wire an XLR connector and a TS connector. Both the wire and connectors we used meaning we had to prepare the cable and connectors before we put them together.Â
We were given a soldering iron with a stand and a pair of helping hands.
First we had to remove the outer protective cover of the wire and remove the now exposed shielding. Then we had to remove the sheathing of both the positive and negative wire. Once that's done we can tin both wires and the ground by applying a small amount of solder to them. This process has to be done to both ends of the wire.Â
The reason we pre tin the wires its to make soldering them to the connectors easier as the solder has a better surface to melt too.
Pre tinned cable and un-prepared XLR and TRS connectors.
I de-soldered the old cable from the XLR connector and removed some of the old solder using the solder sucker.
I then tinned the connector ready for the new wire to soldered. Here is the completed solder connection for the XLR connector.
To reassemble the XLR connector I pushed the grommet over the cable and fed the other end of the cable through the back of the housing making sure the orientation is correct.
To finish the XLR connector I placed the pins in the main housing and pushed the grommet up against the housing making sure the orientation is correct with the nubs. Finally the back of the connector screws on to the main housing and the connector is finished.
First I disassemble the TS connector by unscrewing the back of the connector. I then de-soldered the old wires and removed the excess solder with the solder sucker.Â
I then slid the back of the TS connector housing on the other end of the new wire making sure its orientated correctly before continuing. I then soldered the ground wire to the ground connector and both the positive and negative wires to the ring connector. finally I screwed the back of the housing on to the connector.
What?
This week we were tasked with creating a XLR to TS cable by soldering both connectors to a piece of wire. We also had to look at two images and determine what the five components were I will point it out.
So What?
This week I learned what's inside of an XLR connector and how to make a XLR to TS cable. I also learned more about the polarity of the positive and negative wires and more on how they are used to reduce electrical RF interference. I've done the soldering in the past but it was enjoyable being able to do it properly and do it with a pair of helping hands and create a product which is useful and that I'm actually happy with. I think I'm on track with the data side of my assessments, I'm happy with how my cable turned out along with my live sound plan design. However writing is still an issue of mine especially when it comes to talking about practical things like creating cables.
Now What?
I want to start working on project 2 and start putting more time on the side for writing for this class and my other classes.
We were tasked with setting up a live PA system.
For project 2 part 2 we were tasked with setting up and packing down a live sound AV system based on out plan in part 1. While I had my set up running Conor got me to go for a walk around the campus with the wireless microphone to test it's range and show the other students how far it can go, I did commentary on my walk so they knew where I was on the campus in relation to the class.
I also connected the mixer to a Mac to try and record through it as there was an issues last time they tried it. I was able to get it to work but only with the built in recording software, pro tools as usual wasn't cooperating.
This week I decided to make my own DIY 4 channel cat6a cable snake/ drop box.
The drill died halfway through the last hole so I had to manually drill it out myself along with the whole for the ethernet jack passthrough.
Channel 1: Brown
Channel 2: Blue
Channel 3: Green
Channel 4: Orange
The shielding became the common ground.
Since cat6a ethernet cabling has 4 shielded twisted wire pairs this allows me to run 4 mic or line level signals over the one cable with all 4 channels sharing a common ground which is required for phantom power. I was initially going to use a shielded rj45 connector breakout board but I couldn't find any locally so I decided to use a shielded joiner and one half of what used to be a standard cat 5e ethernet cable to create the tail end and the end that's in the stage box. All channels work and I recently got some shielded cat6a (which was really hard to find) which allowed me to test phantom power which also worked.
This week I was apart of the front of house team. First we had to setup some tables to work on then we placed the equipment on top and opened all the flight cases. We then connected the cable snake to the back of the console based on the provided input list. Next we connected the outboard gear and set up the pa system and amplifiers. After playing some music through the system and doing a sound check we then had to pack everything down as it was the end of class.
While doing the sound check I was trying to get the reverb unit connected but somewhere I had accidentally created a feedback loop which went through the pa. I after undoing what I did we decided to just leave it out and try again next week. You don't realise how fat your reflexes are until you have to slam the master faders down to prevent damage to equipment and people's ears. Lest just say I was a but shaken after that.
This week I was apart of the stage team. Setting up the stage is easy but making sure to label everything was the hard part as conor came through and unplugged everything to make a point. We still got it done with a lot of time to spare before out sound check. We also did not realise the returns for the stage boxes were colored coded.
While at work a guy asked for some help with his PA setup, after talking for a while we ended up exchanging details and I now have my first possible client for my business. Once I got home I got an email from him with the equipment he's using and I created a signal flow diagram for him so we could figure out what cables he needs to get and how he can to set up his PA system. I came up with two ways he could set up his system using the equipment available to him. Option B is a stereo setup allowing for a better sound for the audience but sacrificing control of the foldback speakers. Option A is a mono setup which sacrifices stereo image but gives control over the foldback speakers through an AUX send on the mixer. There wasn't much information online about the speakers they are using but I was able to find a maintenance schematic for the E12 PA speakers. I used that schematic to verify that the connections are in parallel which would allow us to daisy chain them as we only have a 2 channel amp and they want to run 4 speakers, 2 PA and 2 Foldback.
On Wednesday I am meeting up with the band manager to help look at there equipment and run them through how I think it could be set it up.
This week I was apart of the front of house team for a second time. This week setup went faster then out first time as it was the same procedure. We were able to work with conor to get the out board effects working. When the stage team was doing there sound check they played pink noise through the foldback speakers just as I had touched a knob on the FOH console and it again left me shaking as I thought I had done something but it wasn't me this time. I can only imagine how scary it would be to have something like that happen on a million dollar system.
This week I was apart of monitor team for the first time. Setup was similar to FOH however there's less equipment involved. I mostly spent time setting up the ProTools computer and interface and helping the people set up FOH and the stage split.
EURODESK SX4882:Â $800
48 Channel - 32IN 16OUT - Multi-pin Stage Box w/ 30m Monitor Split - 30m: $1090
Yamaha LS9 16ch digital mixer: $900
2 x Cordial Multicore 8 x Input / 4 x Output (15m) - Pigtail REAN XLR Male: $725
Radial ProD2 Stereo Direct Box: $275
2 x Electro-Voice ZLX-15BT Pair Active 15-Inch Speakers: $2280
4 x AT Professional TH400XA Portable Loud Speaker: $ 120
2 x Yamaha S115V 1000W 15 inch Passive Speaker: $307
2 x Behringer NX1000 Power Amp 1000W: $520 (I couldn't find the actual amps)
DBX Pro DriveRack PA2: $870
Behringer MDX2600 Expander / Gate with De-Esser: $270
Behringer XR4400 4-Channel Expander Gate: $130
This project stress me out a little bit as I was really struggling to find the exact models and prices of all the equipment that the university uses as a majority of it is now discontinued and can only be found on reselling sites. All of the official websites don't have their MSRP public which made it really hard to find an accurate price for the whole setup.
I love doing signal flow diagrams and figuring out how to connect things together to the point I spent 2 hours making multiple diagrams for a random band I met at work who needed help with there live equipment. Working on the input list, signal flow diagram and stage plot was really enjoyable for me however creating things like the run sheet was quite difficult as I am terrible at planning events specially those that involve other people. I'd rather be a part of the setup and pack down than to be in charge of planning how it's done as I'm a bit more of a follower than a leader.
Halfway through doing the signal flow I realized that I didn't have a budget so I could have picked anything and could have gone really extreme but I decided not to as I felt the lower quality equipment matched the sort of sound of their original songs, not saying that they're bad quality but it's just that sort of genre. I know I could have gone into more detail like where to put the 240 Volt outlets and more detail on the cable runs but I decided that it should be common knowledge and who ever is setting it up can figure it out.
It was really interesting looking into the cable snakes as I've been wanting to get one for my home setup for ages realizing that they're not actually that expensive. However I highly doubt I could fit one of the those multicores under a door. I wanted to do more with this assignment but as the term got longer life got in the way and I'm looking at putting a on pause for a year or so just so I can get my life back on track and try to focus on starting the business I created halfway through this class. The timing of this project was really helpful though as at work I had a customer come through who I end up doing live sound for as a part of my own production business.
Overall I really enjoyed this class I found it was good that I did the foundation of recording first as this was a good follow up to that class taking all of the studio knowledge and applying it to a live environment. Initially I was a bit thrown off because Conor wanted us to format our learning journal differently to how I have been doing it so far for all of my other classes which threw me through a loop for the first couple weeks as I tried to adapt. Which I guess makes sense as setting up for a live sound gig is not always going to be the same every time and you're going to have to adapt on the fly.
I really enjoyed that we did soldering because I was already tossing up creating a cable snake myself using an Ethernet cable and the soldering project was the final push I needed to just do it and I'm quite happy with the results. I didn't realize how complicated festivals and concerts were as I've never actually been to any but I'm hoping that will change soon as I might be helping run the live sound for a band run. I wanted to do really well in this class however I've gotten to a point where I wanna move on from uni an focus on my life and my business more. I've enjoyed my time here and I would like to finish my diploma but I'm going to put that on hold for little awhile.